Question 1
A sodium atom has 11 protons and 11 electrons. How many electrons does the Na+ ion have?
The right answer is the one marked above.
10. The ion forms by releasing one electron, leaving 11 protons against 10 electrons — hence the +1 charge.
11 is the count before the electron leaves. 12 would mean the ion gained an electron, which would make it negative. 1 is the number of electrons lost, not the number remaining.