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Lesson: Chapter 17 — Rate of Reaction

17. Measuring the rate 3 of 5

The rate formula

The definition on the last page can be written as a formula. Since it can be written from either side of the equation, the reactants or the products, there are two of them.

From the reactants

rate of reaction = amount of reactant used up ÷ time taken

From the products

rate of reaction = amount of product formed ÷ time taken

What counts as an "amount"?

Whatever is easiest to measure — usually a mass or a volume. If the reactant is a solid its mass can be weighed; if the product is a gas its volume can be collected and measured.

An example

If 3.2 g of limestone is used up in 4 minutes,

3.2 g ÷ 4 min = 0.8 g min−1

The unit depends on what we chose to measure — grams per minute, cubic centimetres per second, and so on. What matters is that it always takes the form "so much of something, per unit of time".