Question 1
In germination, which structure emerges first, and in which direction does it grow?
The right answer is the one marked above.
The radicle, downwards. It becomes the root, and it almost always comes out before anything else.
The order is not arbitrary: a seedling secures its water supply before it spends anything on leaves. The plumule does emerge upwards, but second — which makes “the plumule, upwards” right about the direction and wrong about the order.