The first law
We saw that if friction could be made zero, the carrom disc would travel on without stopping. Newton set out that very idea as a law.
Newton's first law
Until an external unbalanced force is applied, objects at rest stay at rest, and objects in motion keep moving with uniform velocity.
The law's two halves
If it is at rest
Objects at rest do not start moving without an external force.
This one matches everyday experience. A table does not slide off on its own.
If it is moving
Objects in motion keep moving, at uniform velocity, forever.
This one contradicts what we see. Moving things do come to a stop.
Why the second half is hidden
We usually see moving objects come to rest with no external force in sight. But that happens not because there is no force — only because we do not notice it.
Why did the carrom disc stop?
Because the frictional force acts on it. That is an external unbalanced force — one applied in the direction opposite to the motion.
Powdering the board reduces the friction and the disc goes further. If friction could be removed entirely, it would go on and never stop.
What this shows
So the law does not break. Behind every "it stopped by itself" we meet in daily life, a force such as friction or air resistance is hiding.