Chapter summary

The whole chapter in one list.

• Chemical compounds that release H⁺ ions in aqueous solution are acids.
• Chemical compounds that raise the OH^- concentration of an aqueous solution are bases.
• An acid and a base react to form a salt and water.
• Acids that ionise completely in water are strong acids; acids that ionise partly are weak acids.
• Bases that ionise completely are strong bases; bases that ionise partly are weak bases.
• Acids and bases both change the colour of indicators.
• An acid has a low pH; a base has a high pH.
• Acids react with most metals to give hydrogen, and with carbonates or hydrogencarbonates to give carbon dioxide.
• A salt is acidic, basic or neutral according to the strength of the acid and base that made it.

• Neutralisation is H⁺ ions from the acid joining OH^- ions from the base to form water.
• Hydrochloric, sulphuric and acetic acids are commonly used acids.
• Sodium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide are commonly used bases.
• Sodium chloride and copper sulphate are commonly used salts.